Author(s):
Harshit Patel, Hetal Solanki, Sohilkhan R. Pathan, Kruti B. Sharma, Vishal A. Patel
Email(s):
pharshit1994@yahoo.com
DOI:
10.52711/2321-5836.2024.00014
Address:
Harshit Patel1*, Hetal Solanki1, Sohilkhan R. Pathan2, Kruti B. Sharma2, Vishal A. Patel2
1Shivam Pharmaceutical Studies and Research Centre, Valasan, Anand, Gujarat, India.
2Shree Krishna Hospital and Medical Research Centre, Karamsad, Anand, Gujarat, India.
*Corresponding Author
Published In:
Volume - 16,
Issue - 2,
Year - 2024
ABSTRACT:
This study sought to investigate the etiology and risk factors contributing to infertility, assess the efficacy of fertility-inducing drugs, and analyze the treatment modalities' impact on the quality of life for infertile patients. Spanning a 6-month duration, the research incorporated 50 patients, and risk factors were discerned through a tailored case report form reflecting daily routines and habits. A comparative analysis of Letrozole, Clomiphene citrate, and Metformin was conducted based on existing literature. Predominant causes of female infertility encompassed tubal factors, ovulatory disorders, endometriosis, and unexplained factors. Common risk factors included advanced age, smoking, alcohol consumption, abnormal body weight, and excessive caffeine intake. The study highlighted that while no single risk factor exclusively caused infertility, the presence of multiple factors heightened the likelihood of its development. Clomiphene emerged as the most effective fertility-inducing medication among the three drugs examined. Categories: Obstetrics/Gynecology
Cite this article:
Harshit Patel, Hetal Solanki, Sohilkhan R. Pathan, Kruti B. Sharma, Vishal A. Patel. Etiology and Treatment of Infertility in Tertiary Care Center of Anand, Gujarat, India. Research Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics. 2024;16(2):80-4. doi: 10.52711/2321-5836.2024.00014
Cite(Electronic):
Harshit Patel, Hetal Solanki, Sohilkhan R. Pathan, Kruti B. Sharma, Vishal A. Patel. Etiology and Treatment of Infertility in Tertiary Care Center of Anand, Gujarat, India. Research Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics. 2024;16(2):80-4. doi: 10.52711/2321-5836.2024.00014 Available on: https://rjppd.org/AbstractView.aspx?PID=2024-16-2-3
REFERENCES:
1. World health organization. (2017). Accessed: September 5: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/infertility#:~:text=Infertility%20is%20a%20disease%20of,on%20their%20families%20and%20communities.
2. Agarwal, A., Mulgund, A., Hamada, A. et al. A unique view on male infertility around the globe. Reprod Biol Endocrinol. 2015; 13: 37. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12958-015-0032-1
3. Adamson, P. C., Krupp, K., Freeman, A. H., Klausner, J. D., Reingold, A. L., and Madhivanan, P. Prevalence and correlates of primary infertility among young women in Mysore, India. The Indian Journal of Medical Research. 2011; 134(4): 440–446.
4. Infertility (2017) World Health Organization. Available at: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/infertility (Accessed: 05 October 2017).
5. 1 in 6 people globally affected by infertility: Who (no date) World Health Organization. Available at: https://www.who.int/news/item/04-04-2023-1-in-6-people-globally-affected-by-infertility (Accessed: 05 October 2017).
6. WHOQOL - measuring quality of life| The World Health Organization World Health Organization. Available at: https://www.who.int/tools/whoqol#:~:text=WHOQOL%20%2D%20Measuring%20Quality%20of%20Life%7C%20The%20World%20Health%20Organization&text=WHO%20defines%20Quality%20of%20Life,%2C%20expectations%2C%20standards%20and%20concerns. (Accessed: 07 November 2017).
7. Vahedi S. World Health Organization Quality-of-Life Scale (WHOQOL-BREF): Analyses of Their Item Response Theory Properties Based on the Graded Responses Model. Iranian Journal of Psychiatry. 2010; 5(4): 140–153.
8. Aron, L. and Woolf, S.H. (2013) U.S. Health in International Perspective Shorter Lives, Poorer Health. Washington, D.C: National Academies Press.
9. Rooney, K. L., and Domar, A. D. The relationship between stress and infertility. Dialogues in clinical neuroscience, 2018; 20(1): 41–47. https://doi.org/10.31887/DCNS.2018.20.1/klrooney
10. Hasanpoor-Azghdy, S. B., Simbar, M., and Vedadhir, A. The emotional-psychological consequences of infertility among infertile women seeking treatment: Results of a qualitative study. Iranian Journal of Reproductive Medicine. 2014; 12(2): 131–138.
11. Montoya, J.M. Diagnostics in assisted human reproduction. Reproductive BioMedicine Online. 2002; 6(3): 198–210. doi:10.1016/s1472-6483(10)61843-3.
12. Group, T.E.C.W. (2000) Optimal use of infertility diagnostic tests and treatments, OUP Academic. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/15.3.723 (Accessed: 03 March 2017).
13. LiverTox: Clinical and Research Information on Drug-Induced Liver Injury [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. 2012–. Gonadotropins. 2018 Mar 26. PMID: 31644163.
14. Khazeni, S. and Varamini, P. (2018) ‘Gonadotropin releasing hormone’, Reference Module in Biomedical Sciences [Preprint]. doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-801238-3.98031-0.
15. Das, N. and Kumar, T.R. Molecular regulation of follicle-stimulating hormone synthesis, secretion and action. Journal of Molecular Endocrinology. 2018; 60(3). doi:10.1530/jme-17-0308.
16. Legro, R. S., Brzyski, R. G., Diamond, M. P., Coutifaris, C., Schlaff, W. D., Casson, P., Christman, G. M., Huang, H., Yan, Q., Alvero, R., Haisenleder, D. J., Barnhart, K. T., Bates, G. W., Usadi, R., Lucidi, S., Baker, V., Trussell, J. C., Krawetz, S. A., Snyder, P., Ohl, D., NICHD Reproductive Medicine Network. Letrozole versus clomiphene for infertility in the polycystic ovary syndrome. The New England Journal of Medicine. 2014; 371(2): 119–129. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1313517