ABSTRACT:
Furosemide is a potent loop diuretic used to treat hypertension and edematous conditions associated with heart, renal, and hepatic failure. Its mode of action involves inhibiting chloride reabsorption in the ascending limb of the loop of Henle. However, the exact mechanism is not fully understood. Variability in response to furosemide can occur due to differences in fluid and electrolyte balance, as well as individual differences in drug metabolism and elimination. Both acute and delayed tolerance to furosemide have been reported. The drug is primarily eliminated via the kidneys, and its pharmacokinetics can be influenced by renal function. Furosemide has a high degree of plasma protein binding, limiting its distribution despite its low solubility in water. Variability in bioavailability is attributed to factors such as low solubility, presystemic metabolism, and site-specific absorption. The involvement of a nonspecific organic acid pump in the active secretion of furosemide to its site of action is mentioned. Overall, furosemide therapy requires individualized dosing and close monitoring due to its complex pharmacokinetics and potential for adverse effects.
Cite this article:
Santosh B. Dighe, Sonawane Shubham Ramesh, Thete Bhati Sharad, Tarkase Sahil Bhausaheb. Review on Furosemide. Research Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics.2025;17(3):188-2. doi: 10.52711/2321-5836.2025.00031
Cite(Electronic):
Santosh B. Dighe, Sonawane Shubham Ramesh, Thete Bhati Sharad, Tarkase Sahil Bhausaheb. Review on Furosemide. Research Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics.2025;17(3):188-2. doi: 10.52711/2321-5836.2025.00031 Available on: https://rjppd.org/AbstractView.aspx?PID=2025-17-3-6
REFERENCES:
1. Furosemide – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf. [Link] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK499921/
2. Rxlist Drug A – Z list. [Link] https://www.rxlist.com/furosemide-drug.htm.
3. Drugbank [Link] https://go.drugbank.com/drugs/DB00695.
4. FDA Approved Drug Products: Furosemide Injection, for intravenous or intramuscular use. [Link]https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label /2016/018667s036lbl.pdf.
5. KD Tripathi Essential of medical pharmacology 8th edition. Pg. no. 625.
6. Karen Whalen, PharmD, BCPS, FAPhA, Carinda Field, PharmD, FCCM, Rajan Radhakrishnan, B.pharm, MSc, PhD. Lippincott Illustrated Reviews: Pharmacology Seventh Edition. Pg. No. 655.
7. Boles Ponto LL, Schoenwald RD: Furosemide (frusemide). A pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic review (Part I). Clin Pharmacokinet. 1990 May; 18(5):381-408. Doi: 10.2165/00003088-199018050-00004.[Article]
8. mr. j. Mohamed Meeran, Development and Characterization of Furosemide Loaded Nanoparticles. (Research Article) pg no.51[Article]
9. Ho KM, Power BM. Benefits and risks of furosemide in acute kidney injury. Anaesthesia. 2010 Mar; 65(3): 283-93. Doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2044.2009.06228.x. Epub 2010 Jan 19. PMID: 20085566 [Article]
10. Vargo DL, Kramer WG, Black PK, Smith WB, Serpas T, Brater DC. Bioavailability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of torsemide and furosemide in patients with congestive heart failure. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1995 Jun; 57(6): 601-9.