Author(s):
Tinku Kumar, Girendra Kumar Gautam, Rohit Malik
Email(s):
tinkumaliyan22@gmail.com
DOI:
10.52711/2321-5836.2024.00037 
Address:
Tinku Kumar1, Girendra Kumar Gautam2, Rohit Malik3
1Department of Pharmacology, Shri Ram College of Pharmacy, Muzaffarnagar, Utter Pradesh, India.
2Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Shri Ram College of Pharmacy, Muzaffarnagar, Utter Pradesh, India.
3Department of Pharmacology, Shri Ram Group of Colleges, Muzaffarnagar, Utter Pradesh, India.
*Corresponding Author
Published In:
Volume - 16,
Issue - 3,
Year - 2024
ABSTRACT:
Huntington disease (HD) is an autosomal neurodegenerative disease caused by the excess of CAG trinucleotide repeats in the Huntington gene (HTT). In addition to various symptoms such as chorea, movement disorders, cognitive impairment and psychosis, patients with HD may also experience behavioral and physical changes. Although there is no known cure for HD, there are many ways to try to reduce symptoms and slow the progression of the disease. Medications such as tetrabenazine and tetrabenazine target physical symptoms by reducing movement. Antidepressants and antipsychotics are also used to manage the psychotic and cognitive symptoms of HD. The purpose of this review is to discuss the effectiveness of current HD treatments and explore the progress in clinical research on emerging HD treatments.
Cite this article:
Tinku Kumar, Girendra Kumar Gautam, Rohit Malik. Huntington’s Disease: A Review of The Clinical Survey and Therapeutics Management of Neuropsychiatric Drug. Research Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics.2024;16(3):221-225. doi: 10.52711/2321-5836.2024.00037
Cite(Electronic):
Tinku Kumar, Girendra Kumar Gautam, Rohit Malik. Huntington’s Disease: A Review of The Clinical Survey and Therapeutics Management of Neuropsychiatric Drug. Research Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics.2024;16(3):221-225. doi: 10.52711/2321-5836.2024.00037 Available on: https://rjppd.org/AbstractView.aspx?PID=2024-16-3-14
REFERENCES:
1. Munoz-Sanjuan I, Bates GP. The importance of integrating basic and clinical research toward the development of new therapies for Huntington disease. The Journal of Clinical Investigation. 2011; 121:476–483.
2. R. Ghosh, S.J. Tabrizi, Clinical features of Huntington’s disease, Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 2018; 1049: 1–28, https://doi.org/10.1007/ 978-3-319-71779-1
3. McColgan P, Tabrizi SJ. Huntington’s disease: A clinical review. Eur J Neurol. 2018; 25(1): 24-34. doi: 10.1111/ene.13413
4. International Huntington Association and the World Federation of Neurology Research Group on Huntington’s Chorea. Guidelines for the molecular genetics predictive test in Huntington’s disease. J Med Genet. 1994; 31: 555–9.
5. Lanska, D.J.; Lavine, L.; Lanska, M.J.; Schoenberg, B.S. Huntington’s disease mortality in the United States. Neurology 1988; 38: 769–772.
6. Galts, C.P.C.; Bettio, L.E.B.; Jewett, D.C.; Yang, C.C.; Brocardo, P.S.; Rodrigues, A.L.S.; Thacker, J.S.; Gil-Mohapel, J. Depression in neurodegenerative diseases: Common mechanisms and current treatment options. Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 2019; 102: 56–84.
7. Bates GP. History of genetic disease: the molecular genetics of Huntington disease: a history. Nat Rev Genet. 2005; 6:766 –7
8. Ross CA, Tabrizi SJ. Huntington’s disease: from molecular pathogenesis to clinical treatment. Lancet Neurol. 2011; 10:83–9
9. The Huntington’s Disease Collaborative Research Group. A novel gene containing a trinucleotide repeat that is expanded and unstable on Huntington’s Disease Chromosomes. Cell. 1993; 72:971-983.
10. Novak MJ, Tabrizi SJ. Huntington’s Disease. BMJ. 2010; 340: c3109.
11. Macdonald M: A novel gene containing a trinucleotide repeat that is expanded and unstable on Huntington’s disease chromosomes. Cell. 1993; 72:971-83. 10.1016/0092-8674(93)90585.
12. Telenius H, Kremer B, Goldberg YP, et al.: Somatic and gonadal mosaicism of the Huntington’s disease gene CAG repeats in the brain and sperm. Nature Gen. 1994, 6:409-14. 10.1038/ng0494-409
13. Bates GP, Dorsey R, Gusella JF, et al. Huntington disease. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2015, 1:15005. 10.1038/nrdp.2015.5
14. CAG repeats in the brain and sperm. Nature Gen. 1994, 6:409-14. 10.1038/ng0494-409 5. Bates GP, Dorsey R, Gusella JF, et al.: Huntington disease. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2015; 1:15005. 10.1038/nrdp.2015.5
15. Ross CA, Tabrizi SJ: Huntington’s disease: from molecular pathogenesis to clinical treatment. Lancet Neurol. 2011; 10:83-98. 10.1016/S1474-4422(10)70245-3
16. Plotkin JL, Surmeier DJ: Corticostriatal synaptic adaptations in Huntington's disease. Curr Opin Neurobiol. 2015; 33:53-62. 10.1016/j.conb.2015.01.020
17. Deyts C, Galan-Rodriguez B, Martin E, et al.: Dopamine D2 receptor stimulation potentiates PolyQHuntingtin-induced mouse striatal neuron dysfunctions via Rho/ROCK-II activation. PLoS One. 2009, 4: e8287. 10.1371/journal.pone.0008287
18. Ross CA, Tabrizi SJ: Huntington’s disease: from molecular pathogenesis to clinical treatment. Lancet Neurol. 2011, 10:83-98. 10.1016/S1474-4422(10)70245-3
19. Bañez-Coronel M, Ayhan F, Tarabochia AD, et al.: RAN translation in Huntington disease. Neuron. 2015, 88:667-77. 10.1016/j.neuron.2015.10.038
20. Tabrizi SJ, Leavitt BR, Landwehrmeyer GB, et al. Targeting huntingtin expression in patients with Huntington's Disease. N Engl J Med 2019; 380:2307–16.
21. Bachoud-Lévi A-C, Ferreira J, Massart R, et al. international guidelines for the treatment of Huntington's disease. Front Neurol 2019; 10:710.
22. Thompson JA, Cruickshank TM, Penailillo LE, et al. The effects of multidisciplinary rehabilitation in patients with early-to-middle-stage Huntington's disease: a pilot study. Neural. 2013; 20:1325–9.\
23. Reilmann R. Pharmacological treatment of chorea in Huntington’s disease-good clinical practice versus evidence-based guideline. Mov Disord. 2013; 28:1030–1033.
24. Armstrong MJ, Miyasaki JM; American Academy of Neurology. Evidence-based guideline: pharmacologic treatment of chorea in Huntington disease: report of the guideline development subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. Neurology. 2012;79: 597–603
25. (DGN) DGfN. Leitlinien für die Huntington-Krankheit. Berlin: Deutsche Gesellschaft für Neurologie (DGN); 2012.
26. Chen JJ, Ondo WG, Dashtipour K, Swope DM. Tetrabenazine for the treatment of hyperkinetic movement disorders: a review of the literature. Clin Ther. 2012; 34:1487–1504.
27. Mehanna R, Hunter C, Davidson A, Jimenez-Shahed J, Jankovic J. Analysis of CYP2D6 genotype and response to tetrabenazine. Mov Disord. 2013; 28:210–215
28. Mehanna R, Hunter C, Davidson A, Jimenez-Shahed J, Jankovic J. Analysis of CYP2D6 genotype and response to tetrabenazine. Mov Disord. 2013; 28:210–215
29. Heckmann JM, Legg P, Sklar D, Fine J, Bryer A, Kies B. IV amantadine improves chorea in Huntington’s disease: an acute randomized, 597–598].
30. Jankovic J, Roos RA. Chorea associated with Huntington’s disease: to treat or not to treat? Mov Disord. 2014; 29:1414–1418.
31. Karagas NE, Rocha NP, Stimming EF: Irritability in Huntington's disease. J Huntingtons Dis. 2020, 9:107-13. 10.3233/JHD-200397
32. McColgan P, Tabrizi SJ: Huntington's disease: a clinical review. Eur J Neurol. 2018, 25:24-34. 10.1111/ene.13413
33. Shannon KM: Recent advances in the treatment of Huntington's disease: targeting DNA and RNA. CNS Drugs. 2020, 34:219-28. 10.1007/s40263-019-00695-3